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Nitriles
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D009570 |
[Organic compounds containing the -CN radical. The concept is distinguished from CYANIDES, which denotes inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE.
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Nitrilotriacetic Acid
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D009571 |
[A derivative of acetic acid, N(CH2COOH)3. It is a complexing (sequestering) agent that forms stable complexes with Zn2+. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed.)
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Nitrite Reductase (NAD(P)H)
|
D050898 |
[An enzyme found primarily in BACTERIA and FUNGI that catalyzes the oxidation of ammonium hydroxide to nitrite. It is an iron-sulfur HEME; FLAVOPROTEIN containing siroheme and can utilize both NAD and NADP as cofactors. This enzyme was formerly classified as EC 1.6.6.4.
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Nitrite Reductases
|
D009572 |
[A group of enzymes that oxidize diverse nitrogenous substances to yield nitrite. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 1.
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Nitrites
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D009573 |
[Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
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Nitro Compounds
|
D009574 |
[Compounds having the nitro group, -NO2, attached to carbon. When attached to nitrogen they are nitramines and attached to oxygen they are NITRATES.
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Nitroanisole O-Demethylase
|
D009575 |
[Oxidative enzyme which transforms p-nitroanisole into p-nitrophenol.
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Nitroarginine
|
D019335 |
[An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6)
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Nitrobacter
|
D009576 |
[A genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria that oxidizes nitrites to nitrates. Its organisms occur in aerobic environments where organic matter is being mineralized, including soil, fresh water, and sea water.
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Nitrobenzenes
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D009578 |
[BENZENE derivatives carrying nitro group substituents.
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Nitrobenzoates
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D009579 |
[Benzoic acid or benzoic acid esters substituted with one or more nitro groups.
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Nitroblue Tetrazolium
|
D009580 |
[Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.
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Nitrofurans
|
D009581 |
[Compounds containing FURANS attached to a nitro group.
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Nitrofurantoin
|
D009582 |
[A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.
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Nitrofurazone
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D009583 |
[A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.
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Nitrogen
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D009584 |
[An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
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Nitrogen Compounds
|
D017672 |
[Inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen as an integral part of the molecule.
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Nitrogen Cycle
|
D058458 |
[The circulation of nitrogen in nature, consisting of a cycle of biochemical reactions in which atmospheric nitrogen is compounded, dissolved in rain, and deposited in the soil, where it is assimilated and metabolized by animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi, eventually returning to the atmosphere by bacterial decomposition of organic matter.
] |
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Nitrogen Dioxide
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D009585 |
[Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface.
] |
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Nitrogen Fixation
|
D009586 |
[The process in certain BACTERIA; FUNGI; and CYANOBACTERIA converting free atmospheric NITROGEN to biologically usable forms of nitrogen, such as AMMONIA; NITRATES; and amino compounds.
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