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Mustard Plant
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D009149 |
[Any of several BRASSICA species that are commonly called mustard. Brassica juncea is brown or Chinese mustard, and Brassica nigra is black, brown, or red mustard. The plant is grown both for mustard seed from which oil is extracted or used as SPICES, and for its greens used as VEGETABLES or ANIMAL FEED. There is no relationship to MUSTARD COMPOUNDS. A species from a related genus SINAPIS ALBA is white mustard.
] |
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Mustelidae
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D045969 |
[A genus of plump but extremely strong mustelids with a relatively short tail, in the subfamily Mustelinae.
, The smallest of the native mustelids in the subfamily Mustelinae.
, A family of terrestrial carnivores with long, slender bodies, long tails, and anal scent glands. They include badgers, weasels, martens, FERRETS; MINKS; wolverines, polecats, and OTTERS.
, A genus of arboreal mustelid in the subfamily Mustelinae.
] |
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MutL Protein Homolog 1
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D000070957 |
[Eukaryotic homolog of the bacterial MutL DNA MISMATCH REPAIR protein. It heterodimerizes with MISMATCH REPAIR ENDONUCLEASE PMS2 to form MutL alpha, which is recruited to DNA mismatch sites by the MUTS DNA MISMATCH-BINDING PROTEIN. Mutations in the human MLH1 gene are associated with COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS, HEREDITARY NONPOLYPOSIS.
] |
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MutL Proteins
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D000070956 |
[DNA repair proteins that include the bacterial MutL protein and its eukaryotic homologs. They consist of a conserved N-terminal region with weak ATPase activity, an endonuclease motif, and a C-terminal domain that forms MutL homodimers or heterodimers between MLH1 and the PMS1, MISMATCH REPAIR ENDONUCLEASE PMS2; or MLH3 proteins. These complexes function in DNA repair pathways, primarily DNA MISMATCH REPAIR, where MutL/MLH1 and the MUTS DNA MISMATCH-BINDING PROTEIN are targeted to damaged DNA.
] |
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MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein
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D051719 |
[A methyl-directed mismatch DNA REPAIR protein that has weak ATPASE activity. MutS was originally described in ESCHERICHIA COLI.
] |
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MutS Homolog 2 Protein
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D051718 |
[A highly conserved eukaryotic homolog of the MUTS DNA MISMATCH-BINDING PROTEIN. It plays an essential role in meiotic RECOMBINATION and DNA REPAIR of mismatched NUCLEOTIDES.
] |
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MutS Homolog 3 Protein
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D000074081 |
[A MutS homolog protein and component of post-replicative DNA MISMATCH REPAIR. It forms a heterodimer with MUTS HOMOLOG 2 PROTEIN (MSH2) and recognizes large insertion-deletion loops up to 13 nucleotides in length. This directs downstream events such as strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis.
] |
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MutS Proteins
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D000074080 |
[DNA repair proteins that include the bacterial MutS DNA mismatch-binding protein and its eukaryotic homologs that function in DNA MISMATCH REPAIR and recombination of DNA during MEIOSIS. MutS has a conserved mismatch recognition domain characterized by GxFxE, or similar AMINO ACID MOTIFS that also occur in eukaryotic homologs such as MSH1, MSH6, and MSH8. All MutS proteins also contain a highly-conserved ATP-binding domain and most have weak ATPase activity.
] |
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Mutagenesis
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D016296 |
[Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.
] |
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Mutagenesis, Insertional
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D016254 |
[Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.
] |
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Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
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D016297 |
[Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.
] |
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Mutagenicity Tests
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D009152 |
[Tests of chemical substances and physical agents for mutagenic potential. They include microbial, insect, mammalian cell, and whole animal tests.
] |
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Mutagens
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D009153 |
[Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.
] |
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Mutant Chimeric Proteins
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D050506 |
[Proteins produced from GENES that have mutated by the fusing of protein coding regions of more than one gene. Such hybrid proteins are responsible for some instances of ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE and defective biological processes such as NEOPLASMS.
] |
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Mutant Proteins
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D050505 |
[Proteins produced from GENES that have acquired MUTATIONS.
] |
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Mutation
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D009154 |
[Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
] |
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Mutation Accumulation
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D000067552 |
[Concept which describes the incremental effects of MUTATION in living organisms.
] |
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Mutation Rate
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D059645 |
[The number of mutations that occur in a specific sequence, GENE, or GENOME over a specified period of time such as years, CELL DIVISIONS, or generations.
] |
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Mutation, Missense
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D020125 |
[A mutation in which a codon is mutated to one directing the incorporation of a different amino acid. This substitution may result in an inactive or unstable product. (From A Dictionary of Genetics, King & Stansfield, 5th ed)
] |
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Mutism
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D009155 |
[The inability to generate oral-verbal expression, despite normal comprehension of speech. This may be associated with BRAIN DISEASES or MENTAL DISORDERS. Organic mutism may be associated with damage to the FRONTAL LOBE; BRAIN STEM; THALAMUS; and CEREBELLUM. Selective mutism is a psychological condition that usually affects children characterized by continuous refusal to speak in social situations by a child who is able and willing to speak to selected persons. Kussmal aphasia refers to mutism in psychosis. (From Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1994; 62(9):337-44)
] |
