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Muscle Rigidity
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D009127 |
[Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction which is often a manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. When an affected muscle is passively stretched, the degree of resistance remains constant regardless of the rate at which the muscle is stretched. This feature helps to distinguish rigidity from MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p73)
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Muscle Spasticity
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D009128 |
[A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a "free interval") followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p54)
] |
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Muscle Spindles
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D009470 |
[Skeletal muscle structures that function as the MECHANORECEPTORS responsible for the stretch or myotactic reflex (REFLEX, STRETCH). They are composed of a bundle of encapsulated SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS, i.e., the intrafusal fibers (nuclear bag 1 fibers, nuclear bag 2 fibers, and nuclear chain fibers) innervated by SENSORY NEURONS.
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Muscle Strength
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D053580 |
[The amount of force generated by MUSCLE CONTRACTION. Muscle strength can be measured during isometric, isotonic, or isokinetic contraction, either manually or using a device such as a MUSCLE STRENGTH DYNAMOMETER.
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Muscle Strength Dynamometer
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D053581 |
[A device that measures MUSCLE STRENGTH during muscle contraction, such as gripping, pushing, and pulling. It is used to evaluate the health status of muscle in sports medicine or physical therapy.
] |
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Muscle Stretching Exercises
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D052580 |
[A form of flexibility and strengthening training, which involves targeting muscle groups in functional directions. It is designed to imitate natural proprioceptive input and muscle activation patterns to improve flexibility and range of motion. It combines muscle contraction and relaxation with passive and partner-assisted stretching.
, This uses the momentum of a moving body or a limb in an attempt to force it beyond its normal range of motion.
, Exercises that stretch the muscle fibers with the aim to increase muscle-tendon FLEXIBILITY, improve RANGE OF MOTION or musculoskeletal function, and prevent injuries. There are various types of stretching techniques including active, passive (relaxed), static, dynamic (gentle), ballistic (forced), isometric, and others.
, This is a type of static stretching which involves the resistance of muscle groups through ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION.
, This involves moving parts of the body and gradually increasing reach, speed of movement, or both. It is a gentle and controlled stretching to the limits of one's range of motion.
, This is when one stretches to the farthest point and holds the stretch.
, A technique in which one is relaxed and makes no contribution to the range of motion. Instead, an external force is used to achieve the stretching. A position is held by another body part or person, or an apparatus.
, This is where one assumes a position and then holds it there with no assistance other than using the muscle strength.
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Muscle Tonus
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D009129 |
[The state of activity or tension of a muscle beyond that related to its physical properties, that is, its active resistance to stretch. In skeletal muscle, tonus is dependent upon efferent innervation. (Stedman, 25th ed)
] |
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Muscle Weakness
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D018908 |
[A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)
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Muscle, Skeletal
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D018482 |
[A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.
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Muscle, Smooth
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D009130 |
[Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
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Muscle, Smooth, Vascular
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D009131 |
[The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.
] |
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Muscle, Striated
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D054792 |
[One of two types of muscle in the body, characterized by the array of bands observed under microscope. Striated muscles can be divided into two subtypes: the CARDIAC MUSCLE and the SKELETAL MUSCLE.
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Muscles
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D009132 |
[Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.
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Muscular Atrophy
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D009133 |
[Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation.
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Muscular Atrophy, Spinal
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D009134 |
[A group of disorders marked by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord resulting in weakness and muscular atrophy, usually without evidence of injury to the corticospinal tracts. Diseases in this category include Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and later onset SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD, most of which are hereditary. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)
] |
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Muscular Diseases
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D009135 |
[Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.
] |
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Muscular Disorders, Atrophic
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D020966 |
[Disorders characterized by an abnormal reduction in muscle volume due to a decrease in the size or number of muscle fibers. Atrophy may result from diseases intrinsic to muscle tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY) or secondary to PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that impair innervation to muscle tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL).
] |
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Muscular Dystrophies
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D009136 |
[A heterogeneous group of inherited MYOPATHIES, characterized by wasting and weakness of the SKELETAL MUSCLE. They are categorized by the sites of MUSCLE WEAKNESS; AGE OF ONSET; and INHERITANCE PATTERNS.
] |
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Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
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D049288 |
[A heterogenous group of inherited muscular dystrophy that can be autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. There are many forms (called LGMDs) involving genes encoding muscle membrane proteins such as the sarcoglycan (SARCOGLYCANS) complex that interacts with DYSTROPHIN. The disease is characterized by progressing wasting and weakness of the proximal muscles of arms and legs around the HIPS and SHOULDERS (the pelvic and shoulder girdles).
] |
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Muscular Dystrophy, Animal
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D009137 |
[MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY that occurs in VERTEBRATE animals.
] |
