|
Glycogen Synthase
|
D006006 |
[An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of D-glucose from UDPglucose into 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl chains. EC 2.4.1.11.
] |
|
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3
|
D038362 |
[A glycogen synthase kinase that was originally described as a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism. It regulates a diverse array of functions such as CELL DIVISION, microtubule function and APOPTOSIS.
] |
|
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta
|
D000071679 |
[A glycogen synthase kinase-3 type enzyme that functions in ENERGY METABOLISM; EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT; and NEUROGENESIS. It is also involved in PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS and regulates cell growth and proliferation as a component of the WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY and other signaling pathways. Certain polymorphisms in the GSK3B gene have been associated with PARKINSON DISEASE; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; and BIPOLAR DISORDER.
] |
|
Glycogen Synthase Kinases
|
D038341 |
[A class of protein-serine-threonine kinases that was originally found as one of the three types of kinases that phosphorylate GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE. Glycogen synthase kinases along with CA(2+)-CALMODULIN DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES and CYCLIC AMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES regulate glycogen synthase activity.
] |
|
Glycogen-Synthase-D Phosphatase
|
D006007 |
[An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of phosphorylated, inactive glycogen synthase D to active dephosphoglycogen synthase I. EC 3.1.3.42.
] |
|
Glycogenolysis
|
D050261 |
[The release of GLUCOSE from GLYCOGEN by GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE (phosphorolysis). The released glucose-1-phosphate is then converted to GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE by PHOSPHOGLUCOMUTASE before entering GLYCOLYSIS. Glycogenolysis is stimulated by GLUCAGON or EPINEPHRINE via the activation of PHOSPHORYLASE KINASE.
] |
|
Glycolaldehyde Dehydrogenase
|
D050618 |
[An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of glycolaldehyde to glycolate, using NAD and NADP as COENZYMES.
] |
|
Glycolates
|
D006016 |
[Derivatives of ACETIC ACID which contain an hydroxy group attached to the methyl carbon.
] |
|
Glycolipids
|
D006017 |
[Any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic moiety such as an acylglycerol (see GLYCERIDES), a sphingoid, a ceramide (CERAMIDES) (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. (From IUPAC's webpage)
] |
|
Glycols
|
D006018 |
[A generic grouping for dihydric alcohols with the hydroxy groups (-OH) located on different carbon atoms. They are viscous liquids with high boiling points for their molecular weights.
] |
|
Glycolysis
|
D006019 |
[A metabolic process that converts GLUCOSE into two molecules of PYRUVIC ACID through a series of enzymatic reactions. Energy generated by this process is conserved in two molecules of ATP. Glycolysis is the universal catabolic pathway for glucose, free glucose, or glucose derived from complex CARBOHYDRATES, such as GLYCOGEN and STARCH.
, An old term for glycolysis. Often it is used to describe anaerobic glucose catabolism that includes the further conversion of PYRUVIC ACID to LACTIC ACID or ETHANOL.
] |
|
Glycomics
|
D054794 |
[The systematic study of the structure and function of the complete set of glycans (the glycome) produced in a single organism and identification of all the genes that encode glycoproteins.
] |
|
Glycopeptides
|
D006020 |
[Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.
] |
|
Glycophorins
|
D006021 |
[The major sialoglycoprotein of human erythrocyte membranes. It consists of at least two sialoglycopeptides and is composed of 60% carbohydrate including sialic acid and 40% protein. It is involved in a number of different biological activities including the binding of MN blood groups, influenza viruses, kidney bean phytohemagglutinin, and wheat germ agglutinin.
] |
|
Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit
|
D015292 |
[The alpha chain of pituitary glycoprotein hormones (THYROTROPIN; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; LUTEINIZING HORMONE) and the placental CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Within a species, the alpha subunits of these four hormones are identical; the distinct functional characteristics of these glycoprotein hormones are determined by the unique beta subunits. Both subunits, the non-covalently bound heterodimers, are required for full biologic activity.
] |
|
Glycoproteins
|
D006023 |
[Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.
] |
|
Glycopyrrolate
|
D006024 |
[A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in some disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and to reduce salivation with some anesthetics.
] |
|
Glycosaminoglycans
|
D006025 |
[Heteropolysaccharides which contain an N-acetylated hexosamine in a characteristic repeating disaccharide unit. The repeating structure of each disaccharide involves alternate 1,4- and 1,3-linkages consisting of either N-acetylglucosamine (see ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE) or N-acetylgalactosamine (see ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE).
] |
|
Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
|
D065089 |
[Compounds that inhibit ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE.
, Compounds that inhibit or block the activity of GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES such as ALPHA-AMYLASES and ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASES.
] |
|
Glycoside Hydrolases
|
D006026 |
|
