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Melaleuca
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D031650 |
[A plant genus of the family MYRTACEAE. M. alternifolia foliage is a source of TEA TREE OIL. The common name of tea tree also refers to LEPTOSPERMUM or KUNZEA. M. vindifolia is a source of niaouli oil. M. cajuputi and M. leucadendra are sources of cajuput oil.
] |
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Melanesia
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D008542 |
[The collective name for the islands of the Pacific Ocean northeast of Australia, including NEW CALEDONIA; VANUATU; New Hebrides, Solomon Islands, Admiralty Islands, Bismarck Archipelago, FIJI, etc. Melanesia (from the Greek melas, black + nesos, island) is so called from the black color of the natives who are generally considered to be descended originally from the Negroid Papuans and the Polynesians or Malays. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p748 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p344)
] |
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Melanins
|
D008543 |
[Melanins of the plant kingdom.
, Melanins of the animal kingdom.
, Insoluble polymers of TYROSINE derivatives found in and causing darkness in skin (SKIN PIGMENTATION), hair, and feathers providing protection against SUNBURN induced by SUNLIGHT. CAROTENES contribute yellow and red coloration.
] |
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Melanocortins
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D053486 |
[Peptides derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) which can stimulate MELANOCYTES or CORTICOTROPHS. Melanocortins include ACTH; ALPHA-MSH; and other peptides such as BETA-MSH and GAMMA-MSH, derived from other fragments of POMC. These peptides act through a variety of MELANOCORTIN RECEPTORS to control different functions including steroidogenesis, energy homeostasis, feeding, and skin pigmentation.
] |
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Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones
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D009074 |
[Peptides with the ability to stimulate pigmented cells MELANOCYTES in mammals and MELANOPHORES in lower vertebrates. By stimulating the synthesis and distribution of MELANIN in these pigmented cells, they increase coloration of skin and other tissue. MSHs, derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), are produced by MELANOTROPHS in the INTERMEDIATE LOBE OF PITUITARY; CORTICOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR LOBE OF PITUITARY, and the hypothalamic neurons in the ARCUATE NUCLEUS OF HYPOTHALAMUS.
] |
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Melanocytes
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D008544 |
[Mammalian pigment cells that produce MELANINS, pigments found mainly in the EPIDERMIS, but also in the eyes and the hair, by a process called melanogenesis. Coloration can be altered by the number of melanocytes or the amount of pigment produced and stored in the organelles called MELANOSOMES. The large non-mammalian melanin-containing cells are called MELANOPHORES.
] |
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Melanoma
|
D008545 |
[A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)
] |
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Melanoma, Amelanotic
|
D018328 |
[An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts but not forming melanin. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)
] |
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Melanoma, Experimental
|
D008546 |
[Experimentally induced tumor that produces MELANIN in animals to provide a model for studying human MELANOMA.
] |
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Melanoma-Specific Antigens
|
D058950 |
[Cellular antigens that are specific for MELANOMA cells.
] |
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Melanophores
|
D008547 |
[Chromatophores (large pigment cells of fish, amphibia, reptiles and many invertebrates) which contain melanin. Short term color changes are brought about by an active redistribution of the melanophores pigment containing organelles (MELANOSOMES). Mammals do not have melanophores; however they have retained smaller pigment cells known as MELANOCYTES.
] |
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Melanosis
|
D008548 |
[Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease.
] |
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Melanosomes
|
D020460 |
[Melanin-containing organelles found in melanocytes and melanophores.
] |
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Melanotrophs
|
D052717 |
[Neuroendocrine cells in the INTERMEDIATE LOBE OF PITUITARY. They produce MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONES and other peptides from the post-translational processing of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC).
] |
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Melanthiaceae
|
D000070556 |
[A family in the order Liliales, of bulbous or rhizomatous woodland and alpine perennial herbs.
] |
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Melarsoprol
|
D008549 |
[Arsenical used in trypanosomiases. It may cause fatal encephalopathy and other undesirable side effects.
] |
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Melastomataceae
|
D035322 |
[A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida composed of tropical plants with parallel-nerved leaves.
] |
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Melatonin
|
D008550 |
[A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.
] |
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Melena
|
D008551 |
[The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain degraded blood.
] |
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Melengestrol Acetate
|
D008552 |
[A 6-methyl PROGESTERONE acetate with reported glucocorticoid activity and effect on ESTRUS.
] |
