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Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine
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D016087 |
[The type species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus bovine lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, BOVINE), found in cattle and causing lymphadenopathy, LYMPHOCYTOSIS, central nervous system lesions, progressive weakness, and emaciation. It has immunological cross-reactivity with other lentiviruses including HIV.
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Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline
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D016089 |
[A species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus feline lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, FELINE) isolated from cats with a chronic wasting syndrome, presumed to be immune deficiency. There are 3 strains: Petaluma (FIP-P), Oma (FIP-O) and Puma lentivirus (PLV). There is no antigenic relationship between FIV and HIV, nor does FIV grow in human T-cells.
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Immunodiffusion
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D005779 |
[Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.
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Immunodominant Epitopes
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D016056 |
[Subunits of the antigenic determinant that are most easily recognized by the immune system and thus most influence the specificity of the induced antibody.
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Immunoelectrophoresis
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D007122 |
[A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.
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Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional
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D007123 |
[Immunoelectrophoresis in which a second electrophoretic transport is performed on the initially separated antigen fragments into an antibody-containing medium in a direction perpendicular to the first electrophoresis.
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Immunoenzyme Techniques
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D007124 |
[Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.
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Immunogenetic Phenomena
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D055261 |
[GENETIC PHENOMENA and processes involved in IMMUNITY and the immune response.
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Immunogenetics
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D007125 |
[A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the genetic basis of the immune response (IMMUNITY).
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Immunogenic Cell Death
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D000079527 |
[A form of regulated cell death that results in release of specific DAMAGE ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERN MOLECULES which activate an ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE. It can be initiated in any type of cell by a restricted set of stimuli, including viral infection, some chemotherapeutics or immunogenic radiation therapy.
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Immunogenicity, Vaccine
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D000071497 |
[The capacity of VACCINES to stimulate the ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE to produce antibodies and antigen-specific T-CELL responses.
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Immunoglobulin A
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D007070 |
[Represents 15-20% of the human serum immunoglobulins, mostly as the 4-chain polymer in humans or dimer in other mammals. Secretory IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) is the main immunoglobulin in secretions.
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Immunoglobulin A, Secretory
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D007071 |
[The principle immunoglobulin in exocrine secretions such as milk, respiratory and intestinal mucin, saliva and tears. The complete molecule (around 400 kD) is composed of two four-chain units of IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, one SECRETORY COMPONENT and one J chain (IMMUNOGLOBULIN J-CHAINS).
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Immunoglobulin Allotypes
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D007126 |
[Allelic variants of the immunoglobulin light chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) or heavy chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS) encoded by ALLELES of IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENES.
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Immunoglobulin Class Switching
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D017578 |
[Gene rearrangement of the B-lymphocyte which results in a substitution in the type of heavy-chain constant region that is expressed. This allows the effector response to change while the antigen binding specificity (variable region) remains the same. The majority of class switching occurs by a DNA recombination event but it also can take place at the level of RNA processing.
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Immunoglobulin Constant Regions
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D007127 |
[The domains of the immunoglobulin molecules that are invariable in their amino acid sequence within any class or subclass of immunoglobulin. They confer biological as well as structural functions to immunoglobulins. One each on both the light chains and the heavy chains comprises the C-terminus half of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN FAB FRAGMENT and two or three of them make up the rest of the heavy chains (all of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN FC FRAGMENT)
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Immunoglobulin D
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D007072 |
[An immunoglobulin which accounts for less than 1% of plasma immunoglobulin. It is found on the membrane of many circulating B LYMPHOCYTES.
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Immunoglobulin Domains
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D000070557 |
[Compact globular protein domains of about 80 to 110 amino acids.They are characterized by two antiparallel beta sheets stabilized by HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTIONS and disulfide bonds between opposing strands. Three major subtypes of Ig domains are recognized: variable (V), intermediate (I), and constant (C1 or C2). Members of the immunoglobulin superfamily include ANTIGEN RECEPTORS; CYTOKINE RECEPTORS; and CELL ADHESION MOLECULES which possess immunoglobulin domains.
, Classical Ig-like domains similar to those that occur in immunoglobulin constant regions. They occur almost exclusively in molecules that function in the IMMUNE SYSTEM.
, Immunoglobulin-like domains similar to those of the immunoglobulin variable region. They occur in diverse protein families, including IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS; T-CELL RECEPTORS;JUNCTIONAL ADHESION MOLECULES; and RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES.
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Immunoglobulin E
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D007073 |
[An immunoglobulin associated with MAST CELLS. Overexpression has been associated with allergic hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).
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Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
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D007140 |
[Univalent antigen-binding fragments composed of one entire IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN and the amino terminal end of one of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS from the hinge region, linked to each other by disulfide bonds. Fab contains the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGIONS, which are part of the antigen-binding site, and the first IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSTANT REGIONS. This fragment can be obtained by digestion of immunoglobulins with the proteolytic enzyme PAPAIN.
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