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Glutathione Transferase
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D005982 |
[A transferase that catalyzes the addition of aliphatic, aromatic, or heterocyclic FREE RADICALS as well as EPOXIDES and arene oxides to GLUTATHIONE. Addition takes place at the SULFUR. It also catalyzes the reduction of polyol nitrate by glutathione to polyol and nitrite.
] |
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Glutens
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D005983 |
[Prolamins in the endosperm of SEEDS from the Triticeae tribe which includes species of WHEAT; BARLEY; and RYE.
, A gluten protein of BARLEY analogous to GLIADINS of WHEAT.
, A gluten protein of RYE analogous to gliadins of wheat.
] |
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Glutethimide
|
D005984 |
[A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.
] |
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Glyburide
|
D005905 |
[An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions similar to those of chlorpropamide.
] |
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Glycated Hemoglobin A
|
D006442 |
[Products of non-enzymatic reactions between GLUCOSE and HEMOGLOBIN A, occurring as a minor fraction of the hemoglobin components of human erythrocytes. Hemoglobin A1c is hemoglobin A with glucose covalently bound to the terminal VALINE of the beta chain. Glycated hemoglobin A is used as an index of the average blood sugar level over a lifetime of erythrocytes.
] |
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Glycation End Products, Advanced
|
D017127 |
[A heterogeneous group of compounds derived from rearrangements, oxidation, and cross-linking reactions that follow from non-enzymatic glycation of amino groups in proteins. They are also know as Maillard products. Their accumulation in vivo accelerates under hyperglycemic, oxidative, or inflammatory conditions. Heat also accelerates the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) such seen with the browning of food during cooking under or over high heat.
] |
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Glycemic Control
|
D000085002 |
[Strategies used for regulating BLOOD GLUCOSE levels. Such strategies include administration of INSULIN; DIETARY MODIFICATION; and EXERCISE.
] |
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Glycemic Index
|
D038321 |
[A numerical system of measuring the rate of BLOOD GLUCOSE generation from a particular food item as compared to a reference item, such as glucose = 100. Foods with higher glycemic index numbers create greater blood sugar swings.
] |
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Glycemic Load
|
D000067940 |
[A quantitative value of a measured amount of a specific food that is equal to the GLYCEMIC INDEX of that food multiplied by the carbohydrate content of that food.
] |
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Glyceraldehyde
|
D005985 |
[An aldotriose containing the propionaldehyde structure with hydroxy groups at the 2- and 3-positions. It is involved in the formation of ADVANCED GLYCOSYLATION END PRODUCTS.
] |
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Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate
|
D005986 |
[An aldotriose which is an important intermediate in glycolysis and in tryptophan biosynthesis.
] |
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Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NADP+)
|
D024601 |
[An NADP-dependent, non-phosphorylating aldehyde dehydrogenase that catalyzes the irreversible oxidation of GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE to 3-phosphoglycerate. It is found in the cytosol of a wide variety of organisms.
] |
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Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NADP+)(Phosphorylating)
|
D024602 |
[A phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase found in the CHLOROPLASTS of higher plants. This enzyme exists as an A2B2 heterotetramer and transfers hydrogen to NADP. It plays an important role in catalyzing the reductive step of the Calvin cycle.
] |
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Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating)
|
D024581 |
[An NAD-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase found in the cytosol of eucaryotes. It catalyses the dehydrogenation and phosphorylation of GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE to 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate, which is an important step in the GLYCOLYSIS pathway.
] |
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Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases
|
D005987 |
[Enzymes that catalyze the dehydrogenation of GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE. Several types of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase exist including phosphorylating and non-phosphorylating varieties and ones that transfer hydrogen to NADP and ones that transfer hydrogen to NAD.
] |
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Glyceric Acids
|
D005988 |
[Three-carbon SUGAR ACIDS with the formula HOCH2(CHOH)COOH.
] |
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Glycerides
|
D005989 |
[GLYCEROL esterified with FATTY ACIDS.
] |
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Glycerol
|
D005990 |
[A trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is used as a solvent, emollient, pharmaceutical agent, or sweetening agent.
] |
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Glycerol Kinase
|
D005991 |
[An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glycerol 3-phosphate from ATP and glycerol. Dihydroxyacetone and L-glyceraldehyde can also act as acceptors; UTP and, in the case of the yeast enzyme, ITP and GTP can act as donors. It provides a way for glycerol derived from fats or glycerides to enter the glycolytic pathway. EC 2.7.1.30.
] |
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Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NAD+)
|
D050536 |
[An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to glycerone phosphate.
] |