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Dyskinesias
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D020820 |
[Abnormal involuntary movements which primarily affect the extremities, trunk, or jaw that occur as a manifestation of an underlying disease process. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent episodes of dyskinesia as a primary manifestation of disease may be referred to as dyskinesia syndromes (see MOVEMENT DISORDERS). Dyskinesias are also a relatively common manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.
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Dyslexia
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D004410 |
[A cognitive disorder characterized by an impaired ability to comprehend written and printed words or phrases despite intact vision. This condition may be developmental or acquired. Developmental dyslexia is marked by reading achievement that falls substantially below that expected given the individual's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-appropriate education. The disturbance in reading significantly interferes with academic achievement or with activities of daily living that require reading skills. (From DSM-IV)
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Dyslexia, Acquired
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D004411 |
[A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other BRAIN DISEASES.
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Dyslipidemias
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D050171 |
[Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.
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Dysmenorrhea
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D004412 |
[Painful menstruation.
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Dysostoses
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D004413 |
[Defective bone formation involving individual bones, singly or in combination.
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Dyspareunia
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D004414 |
[Recurrent genital pain occurring during, before, or after SEXUAL INTERCOURSE in either the male or the female.
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Dyspepsia
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D004415 |
[Impaired digestion, especially after eating.
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Dysphonia
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D055154 |
[Difficulty and/or pain in PHONATION or speaking.
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Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome
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D004416 |
[Clinically atypical nevi (usually exceeding 5 mm in diameter and having variable pigmentation and ill defined borders) with an increased risk for development of non-familial cutaneous malignant melanoma. Biopsies show melanocytic dysplasia. Nevi are clinically and histologically identical to the precursor lesions for melanoma in the B-K mole syndrome. (Stedman, 25th ed)
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Dyspnea
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D004417 |
[Difficult or labored breathing.
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Dyspnea, Paroxysmal
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D004418 |
[A disorder characterized by sudden attacks of respiratory distress in at rest patients with HEART FAILURE and PULMONARY EDEMA. It usually occurs at night after several hours of sleep in a reclining position. Patients awaken with a feeling of suffocation, coughing, a cold sweat, and TACHYCARDIA. When there is significant WHEEZING, it is called cardiac asthma.
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Dysprosium
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D004419 |
[An element of the rare earth family that has the atomic symbol Dy, atomic number 66, and atomic weight 162.50. Dysprosium is a silvery metal used primarily in the form of various salts.
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Dyssomnias
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D020920 |
[A broad category of sleep disorders characterized by either hypersomnolence or insomnia. The three major subcategories include intrinsic (i.e., arising from within the body) (SLEEP DISORDERS, INTRINSIC), extrinsic (secondary to environmental conditions or various pathologic conditions), and disturbances of circadian rhythm. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)
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Dysthymic Disorder
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D019263 |
[Chronically depressed mood that occurs for most of the day more days than not for at least 2 years. The required minimum duration in children to make this diagnosis is 1 year. During periods of depressed mood, at least 2 of the following additional symptoms are present: poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy or fatigue, low self esteem, poor concentration or difficulty making decisions, and feelings of hopelessness. (DSM-IV)
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Dystocia
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D004420 |
[Slow or difficult OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH.
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Dystonia
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D004421 |
[An attitude or posture due to the co-contraction of agonists and antagonist muscles in one region of the body. It most often affects the large axial muscles of the trunk and limb girdles. Conditions which feature persistent or recurrent episodes of dystonia as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as DYSTONIC DISORDERS. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p77)
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Dystonia Musculorum Deformans
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D004422 |
[A condition characterized by focal DYSTONIA that progresses to involuntary spasmodic contractions of the muscles of the legs, trunk, arms, and face. The hands are often spared, however, sustained axial and limb contractions may lead to a state where the body is grossly contorted. Onset is usually in the first or second decade. Familial patterns of inheritance, primarily autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance, have been identified. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1078)
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Dystonic Disorders
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D020821 |
[Acquired and inherited conditions that feature DYSTONIA as a primary manifestation of disease. These disorders are generally divided into generalized dystonias (e.g., dystonia musculorum deformans) and focal dystonias (e.g., writer's cramp). They are also classified by patterns of inheritance and by age of onset.
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Dystonin
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D000071821 |
[A plakin characterized by repeat sequences homologous to SPECTRIN and PLECTIN and C-terminal EF HAND MOTIFS. It functions as an integrator of INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS, ACTIN and MICROTUBULES in cytoskeleton networks. It is required for anchoring intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells as well as anchoring KERATIN-containing intermediate filaments to HEMIDESMOSOMES in EPITHELIAL CELLS.
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