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Cholera Morbus
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D017688 |
[An old term that is no longer used in the scientific literature. Cholera morbus refers to acute GASTROENTERITIS occurring in summer or autumn; characterized by severe cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting.
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Cholera Toxin
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D002772 |
[An ENTEROTOXIN from VIBRIO CHOLERAE. It consists of two major protomers, the heavy (H) or A subunit and the B protomer which consists of 5 light (L) or B subunits. The catalytic A subunit is proteolytically cleaved into fragments A1 and A2. The A1 fragment is a MONO(ADP-RIBOSE) TRANSFERASE. The B protomer binds cholera toxin to intestinal epithelial cells, and facilitates the uptake of the A1 fragment. The A1 catalyzed transfer of ADP-RIBOSE to the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G PROTEINS activates the production of CYCLIC AMP. Increased levels of cyclic AMP are thought to modulate release of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal crypt cells.
, The nontoxic, pentameric B protomer of cholera toxin. The cell membrane binding component of cholera toxin.
, The catalytic subunit of cholera toxin. It is proteolytically cleaved into fragments A1 and A2. The A1 fragment is a MONO(ADP-RIBOSE) TRANSFERASE.
, Detoxified aggregate of cholera toxin formed by heat treatment of purified cholera toxin.
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Cholera Vaccines
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D022121 |
[Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with VIBRIO CHOLERAE. The original cholera vaccine consisted of killed bacteria, but other kinds of vaccines now exist.
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Cholestadienes
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D002774 |
[Cholene derivatives with methyl groups at C-10 and C-13 and a branched 8-carbon chain at C-17. They must have two double bonds in the ring system.
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Cholestadienols
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D002775 |
[Cholestadiene derivatives containing a hydroxy group anywhere in the molecule.
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Cholestanes
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D002776 |
[Derivatives of the saturated steroid cholestane with methyl groups at C-18 and C-19 and an iso-octyl side chain at C-17.
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Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase
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D053493 |
[An NAPH-dependent cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of the side chain of sterol intermediates such as the 27-hydroxylation of 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-triol.
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Cholestanol
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D004083 |
[A cholesterol derivative found in human feces, gallstones, eggs, and other biological matter.
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Cholestanols
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D002777 |
[Cholestanes substituted in any position with one or more hydroxy groups. They are found in feces and bile. In contrast to bile acids and salts, they are not reabsorbed.
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Cholestanones
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D002778 |
[CHOLESTANES substituted with any number of keto groups.
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Cholestasis
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D002779 |
[Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).
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Cholestasis, Extrahepatic
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D001651 |
[Impairment of bile flow in the large BILE DUCTS by mechanical obstruction or stricture due to benign or malignant processes.
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Cholestasis, Intrahepatic
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D002780 |
[Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC).
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Cholesteatoma
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D002781 |
[A non-neoplastic mass of keratin-producing squamous EPITHELIUM, frequently occurring in the MENINGES; bones of the skull, and most commonly in the MIDDLE EAR and MASTOID region. Cholesteatoma can be congenital or acquired. Cholesteatoma is not a tumor nor is it associated with high CHOLESTEROL.
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Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear
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D018424 |
[A mass of KERATIN-producing squamous EPITHELIUM that resembles an inverted (suck-in) bag of skin in the MIDDLE EAR. It arises from the eardrum (TYMPANIC MEMBRANE) and grows into the MIDDLE EAR causing erosion of EAR OSSICLES and MASTOID that contains the INNER EAR.
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Cholestenes
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D002782 |
[Steroids with methyl groups at C-10 and C-13 and a branched 8-carbon chain at C-17. Members include compounds with any degree of unsaturation; however, CHOLESTADIENES is available for derivatives containing two double bonds.
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Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase
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D042944 |
[An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of 3-oxo-delta4 steroids into their corresponding 5alpha form. It plays an important role in the conversion of TESTOSTERONE into DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE and PROGESTERONE into DIHYDROPROGESTERONE.
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Cholestenones
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D002783 |
[CHOLESTENES with one or more double bonds and substituted by any number of keto groups.
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Cholesterol
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D002784 |
[The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
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Cholesterol 24-Hydroxylase
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D000072556 |
[A steroid hydroxylase that functions in CHOLESTEROL homeostasis in the brain. It converts cholesterol into 24S-hydroxycholesterol, which is transported over the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER more rapidly than unmetabolized cholesterol.
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