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Type III Secretion Systems
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D000069296 |
[Multiprotein transmembrane complexes in GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA involved in either the secretion of effector proteins from the bacterial cytoplasm into host cells, or the secretion and assembly of flagellar components. The major component of the T3SSs is called the injectosome or needle complex.
] |
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Type IV Secretion Systems
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D000069319 |
[Multiprotein complexes that transport single proteins, multiprotein complexes, and nucleoprotein complexes from the CYTOPLASM into the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE or into recipient cells. T4SSs are found in GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA, while homologous components to T4SSs are found in GRAM-POSTIVE BACTERIA.
] |
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Type V Secretion Systems
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D000069320 |
[Subtypes of type V secretion systems that contain both a translocator domain and a passenger domain in a single polypeptide. After the passenger domain is transported to the extracellular millieu it is cleaved off as the mature secreted protein.
, Secretion systems of GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA (single membrane proteins or multiprotein complexes) that carry out secretion of proteins from the PERIPLASMIC SPACE to the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE via a beta-barrel transmembrane pore. There are several T5SS subtypes: T5aSS monomeric autotransporters, T5bSS two-partner secretions systems (TPSS), T5cSS trimeric autotransporters, T5dSS fused two-partner secretion systems, and T5eSS autotransporters with inverted domains.
] |
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Type VI Secretion Systems
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D000069376 |
[Multiprotein complexes in GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA that deliver effector proteins into eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells by a mechanism similar to the contractile tail of bacteriophages. They are composed of a cell envelope-spanning tube which is surrounded by a contractile sheath and tipped by a cell puncturing complex; a base plate structure that anchors the assembly to the cell envelope; and an ATPase involved in the sheath contraction and disassembly of the complex.
] |
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Type VII Secretion Systems
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D000069377 |
[Bacterial secretion systems found in bacteria that have a MYCOLIC ACID-containing outer membrane such as MYCOBACTERIACEAE; Corynebacteriaceae; and NOCARDIACEAE. These are also known as ESX secretion systems because the first to be discovered is involved in secreting major virulence factors EsxA and EsxB. There are several subtypes of T7SSs including ESX-1, ESX-2, ESX-3, ESX-4, and ESX-5 secretion systems. The subtypes share some core components including an inner membrane channel-forming ATPase complex, a membrane-anchored mycosin, and a second channel that spans the outer mycolic acid-containing membrane.
] |
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Typhaceae
|
D032401 |
[A plant family of the order Typhales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons) that contains a single genus, Typha, that grows worldwide.
] |
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Typhlitis
|
D053706 |
[An acute necrotizing inflammation of the CECUM occurring in neutropenic patients.
, Necrotizing inflammation of the CECUM ("typhlon" in Greek), sometimes spreading to the APPENDIX and/or the ILEUM. Symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN and DIARRHEA. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial. Typhlitis is often associated with NEUTROPENIA and chemotherapy in immunocompromised individuals (IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST).
] |
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Typhoid Fever
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D014435 |
[An acute systemic febrile infection caused by SALMONELLA TYPHI, a serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA.
] |
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Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines
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D014436 |
[Vaccines used to prevent TYPHOID FEVER and/or PARATYPHOID FEVER which are caused by various species of SALMONELLA. Attenuated, subunit, and inactivated forms of the vaccines exist.
] |
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Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne
|
D014437 |
[An infectious disease clinically similar to epidemic louse-borne typhus (TYPHUS, EPIDEMIC LOUSE-BORNE), but caused by RICKETTSIA TYPHI, which is transmitted from rat to man by the rat flea, XENOPSYLLA CHEOPIS.
] |
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Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne
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D014438 |
[The classic form of typhus, caused by RICKETTSIA PROWAZEKII, which is transmitted from man to man by the louse Pediculus humanus corporis. This disease is characterized by the sudden onset of intense headache, malaise, and generalized myalgia followed by the formation of a macular skin eruption and vascular and neurologic disturbances.
] |
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Tyramine
|
D014439 |
[An indirect sympathomimetic that occurs naturally in cheese and other foods. Tyramine does not directly activate adrenergic receptors, but it can serve as a substrate for adrenergic uptake systems and MONOAMINE OXIDASE to prolong the actions of adrenergic transmitters. It also provokes transmitter release from adrenergic terminals and may be a neurotransmitter in some invertebrate nervous systems.
] |
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Tyrocidine
|
D014440 |
[An antibiotic mixture produced by Bacillus brevis which may be separated into three components, tyrocidines A, B, and C. It is the major constituent (40-60 per cent) of tyrothricin, gramicidin accounting for the remaining 10-20 per cent active material. It is a topical antimicrobial agent, that is very toxic parenterally.
] |
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Tyropanoate
|
D014441 |
[A diagnostic aid as a radiopaque medium in cholecystography.
] |
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Tyrosine
|
D014443 |
[A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.
] |
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Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase
|
D014446 |
[An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine, tetrahydrobiopterin, and oxygen to 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, dihydrobiopterin, and water. EC 1.14.16.2.
] |
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Tyrosine Decarboxylase
|
D014445 |
[A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to tyramine and carbon dioxide. The bacterial enzyme also acts on 3-hydroxytyrosine and, more slowly, on 3-hydroxyphenylalanine. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.1.1.25.
] |
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Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase
|
D014447 |
[An enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of tyrosine to phenol, pyruvate, and ammonia. It is a pyridoxal phosphate protein. The enzyme also forms pyruvate from D-tyrosine, L-cysteine, S-methyl-L-cysteine, L-serine, and D-serine, although at a slower rate. EC 4.1.99.2.
] |
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Tyrosine Transaminase
|
D014444 |
[An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-TYROSINE and 2-oxoglutarate to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and L-GLUTAMATE. It is a pyridoxal-phosphate protein. L-PHENYLALANINE is hydroxylated to L-tyrosine. The mitochondrial enzyme may be identical with ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASES (EC 2.6.1.1.). Deficiency of this enzyme may cause type II Tyrosinemia (see TYROSINEMIAS). EC 2.6.1.5.
] |
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Tyrosine-tRNA Ligase
|
D014448 |
[An enzyme that activates tyrosine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.1.
] |
